Family name Salamanca (Salamanca 
, Саламанка 
) , globally, is a common cognomen. The family name Salamanca is characteristic of Latin America and the Caribbean, particularly Colombia, where it is quite a common surname, El Salvador, and Chile. Not in comparison with a country's population, it is the most numerous in Colombia, Mexico, and Philippines. Much less frequently, Salamanca is the forename as well as the last name.
| VARIANT | COUNTRY |
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| Salamanca | Spain, Philippines, Colombia, Mexico, Chile |
| Саламанка | Russia |
Salamanque, Salámanca, and Sâlâmâncâ
| eleuterio de salamanca (b. 600) |
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| sebastian of salamanca Spanish bishop and chronicler (b. 900) |
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| juan lópez de salamanca born l385(ca.); died 1479, ES (b. 1389) |
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antonio salamanca Spanish book-seller, publisher and engraver, ES (b. 1478) |
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gabriel von salamanca-ortenburg general treasurer and archchancellor of a Austrian archduke in Spain (1489-1539), ES (b. 1489) |
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| antonio hoyos de salamanca (1506-1551) spanish bishop of Gurk, ES (b. 1504) |
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| francisco de salamanca BE (b. 1503) |
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| diego de salamanca Puerto Rican bishop, ES (b. 1519) |
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| francisco de salamanca (b. 1514) |
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| miguel de salamanca (b. 1597) |
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| antonio de brizuela y salamanca ES (b. 1650) |
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| manuel de salamanca Governor of the Kingdom of Chile, ES (b. 1700) |
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| diego de salamanca ES (b. 1701) |
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| ignacio de salamanca Roman Catholic bishop, ES (b. 1737) |
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josé de salamanca, 1st count of los llanos Spanish politician and entrepreneur (1811-1883), ES (b. 1811) |
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